Adaptasi Manifest Need Questionnaire (MNQ) dalam Konteks Kerja
Keywords:
Adaptation, Achievement Motivation, Manifest Needs QuestionnaireAbstract
Identifying high or low of employee’s achievement motivation is very important to an organization. This is due to the organization's goals will be more easily achieved in employees who are more likely to make a harder effort to be able to produce better results, and have a desire for success higher than other employees. The aim of this research is to adapt Manifest Need Questionnaire (MNQ), as a tools to measure employee’s achievement motivation in work setting. Adapting MNQ that made in America is very necessary, because instrument to measure employee’s achievement motivation in work settings in Indonesia is still rare. In this research, adapting MNQ is done through three steps, that is initial translation, checking, and back translation. With that adaptation process, MNQ has been adapted into Indonesian culture. It means that MNQ in English version has been translated and adjusted its meaning and context with Indonesian language and culture.References
Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (2007). Tes psikologi (7th ed.). Jakarta: PT. Indeks.
Azwar, S. (2016). Penyusunan skala psikologi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Bartram, D., Berberoglu, G., Grégoire, J., Hambleton, R., Muniz, J., & van de Vijver, F. (2018). ITC guidelines for translating and adapting tests (Second edition). International Journal of Testing, 18(2), 101–134.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15305058.2017.1398166
Bhattacharyya, D. K. (2009). Human resource research methods. New Delhi: Excel Books.
Borsa, J. C., Damásio, B. F., & Bandeira, D. R. (2012). Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of psychological instruments. Paidéia, 22(53), 423–432. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272253201314
Donoghue, S. (2000). Projective techniques in consumer research. 28, 47–53.
Heridiansyah, J., & Redjeki, D. P. S. (2012). Manajemen kinerja sebagai media perubahan. Jurnal STIE Semarang, 4(3), 29–38.
Mahmoudi, G., Rostami, F., Mahmoudjanloo, S., & Jahani, M. (2017). Relationship of employees’ achievement motivation and quality of working life with their self-efficacy at selected hospitals with a multi-group analysis: Moderating role of organizational ownership. Materia Socio Medica, 29(4), 237.
https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2017.29.237-241
Mathers, N., Fox, N., & Hunn, A. (2009). Surveys and questionnaire. Yorkshire & the Humber: The NIHR RDS for the East Midlands.
Matsui, T., Okada, A., & Kakuyama, T. (1982). Influence of achievement need on goal setting, performance, and feedback effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(5), 645–648. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.67.5.645
Mayer, J. D., Faber, M. A., & Xu, X. (2007). Seventy-five years of motivation measures (1930–2005): A descriptive analysis. Motivation and Emotion, 31(2), 83–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-007-9060-2
Mcclelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. Princeton: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc.
Murray, H. A. (1938). Exploration in personality. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
Oktapialdi, R., Tarigan, M., & Musthofa, M. A. (2018). Pengembangan skala social desirability. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 2(1), 33–42.
Omar, K. M., Arbab, A. M., & Abdulrahman, K. M. (2018). Motivation effect on human resource management performance in Bahraini market regulatory authority. Human Resource Management Research, 8(2), 34–41.
https://doi.org/10.5923/j.hrmr.20180802.02
Özer, P. S., Özmer, O. N. T., & Eris, E. D. (2007). A scale development research on manifest needs. Efge Academic Review, 7(2), 553–571.
Setyawan, N. F. B., & Sahrah, A. (2012). Peningkatan organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan melalui pelatihan perjasama. Insight, 10(1), 17–36.
Smith, R. L. (2015). A contextual measure of achievement motivation: Significance for research in counseling. In Ideas and Research You Can Use: VISTAS 2015. United State of America: American Counseling Association.
Solomon, O., & Hashim, N. H. (2012). Employee motivation and organizational performance in multinational ompanies : A study of Cadbury Nigeria Plc. International Journal of Research in Management & Technology (IJRMT), 2(3), 303–312.
Steers, R. M., & Braunstein, D. N. (1976). A behaviorally-based measure of manifest needs in work settings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 99, 251–266.
Wakabayashi, A. (2014). A sixth personality domain that is independent of the Big Five domains: The psychometric properties of the HEXACO Personality Inventory in a Japanese sample. Japanese Psychological Research, 56(3).
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12045
Widhiarso, W. (2011). Evaluasi properti psikometris Skala Kepatutan Sosial: Adaptasi dari Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Insan, 13(1), 138–148.
Zhao, B., & Pan, Y. (2017). Cross-cultural employee motivation in international companies. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 05(04), 215–222. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2017.54019
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Maksipreneur right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Psikologi.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Psikologi. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
