Potensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air Mikrohidro di Sungai Pintab dan Sungai Amandit Kalimantan Selatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30588/jeemm.v4i2.733Keywords:
potential, potensi, water energy, energi air, power generation, pembangkit listrik, efficiency, efisiensi, pintab river, sungai pintab, amandit river, sungai amanditAbstract
A survey of the potential for electricity generation from water energy was carried out on two rivers in South Kalimantan. These rivers are the Batang Banyu River or the Pintab River in Balangan Regency and the Amandit River in Kandangan Regency. The purpose of this study is to calculate the potential for electrical energy. The method used is to collect primary data in water velocity, cross-sectional river area, river discharge, and river height. Measurements were carried out three times at different times, namely in January, April, and July 2020. The difference in this month is due to the presence of the rainy season and the dry season. The method used in measuring river potential is measuring the river's flow rate. It is calculated by the potential energy equation, after obtaining the river's hydraulic potential, then calculating the generating power. Based on the calculations that have been made on the Batang Banyu River or the Pintab River in Balangan Regency and the Amandit River in Kandangan Regency, the potential for micro-hydropower plants is quite large, namely 419.7 kW and 619 kW, respectively. Suppose the river is installed with a turbine with an efficiency of 0.74, a generator efficiency of 0.85, and the mechanical transmission efficiency of 0.98, then the river respectively can generate electricity 258.71 kW and 360.9 kW.
Survei potensi pembangkit listrik dari energi air dilakukan pada dua sungai di Kalimantan Selatan. Sungai tersebut adalah Sungai Batang Banyu atau Sungai Pintab di Kabupaten Balangan dan Sungai Amandit di Kabupaten Kandangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghitung potensi energi listrik. Metode yang digunakan yaitu mengumpulkan data primer berupa kecepatan air, luas penampang sungai, debit sungai, dan ketinggian sungai. Pengukuran dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali dengan waktu yang berbeda yaitu pada bulan Januari, April, dan Juli 2020. Perbedaan bulan ini dengan pertimbangan adanya musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran potensi sungai adalah mengukur debit aliran sungai, kemudian dihitung dengan persamaan energi potensial. Setelah diperoleh potensi hidrolik sungai, kemudian menghitung daya pembangkit. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan pada sungai Batang Banyu atau Sungai Pintab di Kabupaten Balangan dan Sungai Amandit di Kabupaten Kandangan, diperoleh potensi pembangkit listrik tenaga air mikrohidro cukup besar yaitu berturut-turut adalah 419,7 kW dan 619 kW. Apabila di sungai tersebut dipasang sebuah turbin yang memiliki efesiensi 0,74, efesiensi generator 0,85, dan efesiensi transmisi mekanik 0,98, maka sungai tersebut dapat membangkitkan listrik berturut-turut sebesar 258,71 kW dan 360,9 kW.
References
Arisanty, D., & Syarifuddin, S. (2017). Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Marabahan Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Jurnal Geografi, 14(2), 27-35. doi:10.15294/jg.v14i2.11516
Febijanto, I. (2008). Pemanfaatan Potensi Tenaga Air di Saluran Irigasi Banjarcahyana, Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Propinsi Jawa Tengah sebagai Usaha Pengurangan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 9(3), 277-286.
Munson, B. R., Young, D. F., & Okiishi, T. H. (2005). Mekanika Fluida Jilid 2 (Keempat ed.). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Novitasari, N. (2007). Analisis Hidrologi Sub DAS Riam Kanan pada Kejadian Banjir di Kabupaten Banjar. Info-Teknik, 8(2), 123-132.
Ramdhani, M. A., Nugroho, S., & Diana, L. (2019). Performance Analysis of Helical Savonius River Current Turbine Using Computational Fluid Dynamic. 2019 International Electronics Symposium (IES) (pp. 595-600). Surabaya, Indonesia: IEEE. doi:10.1109/ELECSYM.2019.8901584
Ratnata, I., Surya S., W., & Somantri, M. (2013). Analisis Potensi Pembangkit Energi Listrik Tenaga Air di Saluran Air Sekitar Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. FPTK Expo 2013 (pp. 251-261). Bandung: Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Rendi, R., Ihsan, S., & Ma'arif, S. (2020). Turbin Air Arus Sungai Model Sudu Propeller Menggunakan Nozzel Diffuser. Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material, 4(1), 27-33.
Rochgiyanti, R. (2011). Fungsi Sungai bagi Masyarakat di Tepian Sungai Kuin Kota Banjarmasin. Jurnal Komonitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture, 3(1), 51-59. doi:10.15294/komunitas.v3i1.2293
Rompies, W. C., Kawet, L., Halim, F., & Mamoto, J. D. (2013). Analisis Potensi Sumber Daya Air Sungai Kayuwatu Wangko untuk Perencanaan Pembangkit Listrik di Desa Karor Kec. Lembean Timur Kab. Minahasa. Jurnal Sipil Statik, 1(10), 664-670.
Sahim, K., Santoso, D., & Radentan, A. (2013). Performance of combined water turbine with semielliptic section of the savonius rotor. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2013, 985943. doi:10.1155/2013/985943
Salleh, M. B., Kamaruddin, N. M., & Kassim, Z. M. (2020). The effects of deflector longitudinal position and height on the power performance of a conventional savonius turbine. Energy Conversion and Management, 226, 113584. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.113584
Sugiharto, B., Soeparman, S., Widhiyanuriyawan, D., & Wahyudi, S. (2016). Performances of Savonius Rotor with Addition Guide Vane. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), 6(4), 1336-1341.
Sunarwan, B., & Juhana, R. (2013). Optimasi Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Air (SDA) untuk Menjadi Sumber Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT) Studi Kasus: PLTMH Mangelum, Kabupaten Boven Diogel, Provinsi Papua. Jurnal Teknologi | Jurnal Pakuan Bidang Keteknikan, 2(22), 1-8.
Susilowati, Y., Leksono, B. E., & Harsono, E. (2012). Potensi Sumberdaya Air untuk Pembangkit Listrik Mikrohidro Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan Barat. Prosiding Geoteknologi LIPI, 137-152.
Widiyantoro, W. P., Wilopo, W., & Sulaiman, M. (2019). Studi Potensi Pengembangan PLTMH di Kawasan Perkebunan Teh PT. Pagilaran Kabupaten Batang. Jurnal Otomasi Kontrol dan Instrumentasi, 11(1), 59-68. doi:10.5614%2Fjoki.2019.11.1.6
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
