Analisis Komparasi Bantalan Luncur Material Kuningan, Bronze, dan Besi Tuang Ditinjau dari Uji Kekasaran Permukaan dan Uji Keausan Abrasi

Abstract

Slide bearings have been widely applied to various industrial machines. In its application, there is a friction force that makes the sliding bearings wear. Brass, bronze, and cast iron are commonly used in the manufacture of slide bearings, so it is necessary to test each material's wear rate to determine which material for the slide bearing has the lowest wear rate. The slide bearing specimen in this study was made using the same two lathes. Surface roughness test, material hardness test, and stress relieving heat treatment were carried out to evaluate their effect on the materials' wear rate. The roughness values of the slide bearing specimens of the three materials made using two lathes before stress-relieving treatment were included in grade N4 after stress relieving treatment were included grades N4 and N5. The average value of the brass material wear rate before and after stress-relieving treatment is 0.03 gr/hour. The average wear rate of bronze material before and after stress relieving treatment was 0.01 gr/hour. The average value of cast iron material wear rate before and after stress-relieving treatment is 0.17 g/hour. The wear rates of brass, bronze, and cast iron materials were made using two lathes. Before and after the stress-relieving treatment, there was no significant difference in each material. The lowest wear rate is on bronze material, which is 0.01 gr/hour.

Bantalan luncur telah banyak diaplikasikan pada berbagai macam mesin industri. Dalam pengaplikasiannya, terdapat gaya gesek yang membuat bantalan luncur tersebut mengalami keausan. Kuningan, bronze, dan besi tuang merupakan material yang umum digunakan dalam pembuatan bantalan luncur, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian laju keausan pada masing-masing material guna menentukan material pembuat bantalan luncur yang memiliki tingkat laju keausan paling rendah. Specimen bantalan luncur pada penelitian ini dibuat menggunakan dua buah mesin bubut yang sama. Uji kekasaran permukaan dan uji kekerasan material serta perlakuan panas stress relieving dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat laju keausan material. Nilai kekasaran specimen bantalan luncur dari ketiga material tersebut yang dibuat menggunakan dua buah mesin bubut sebelum perlakuan stress relieving masuk dalam grade N4, setelah perlakuan stress relieving masuk dalam grade N4 dan N5. Rata-rata nilai laju keausan material kuningan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan stress relieving adalah 0,03 gr/jam. Rata-rata nilai laju keausan material bronze sebelum dan setelah perlakuan stress relieving adalah 0,01 gr/jam. Rata-rata nilai laju keausan material besi tuang sebelum dan setelah perlakuan stress relieving adalah 0,17 gr/jam. Laju keausan dari material kuningan, bronze, dan besi tuang yang dibuat menggunakan dua buah mesin bubut, sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan stress relieving tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan pada masing-masing material. Laju keausan paling rendah ada pada material bronze sebesar 0,01 gr/jam.