Teknologi dan Karakterisasi dalam Proses Produksi Arang Sekam Padi untuk Berbagai Aplikasi: Tinjauan Pustaka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30588/jeemm.v9i2.2356Abstract
Sekam padi merupakan limbah pertanian yang melimpah dengan potensi tinggi untuk diolah menjadi arang (biochar) melalui pirolisis sebagai bagian dari strategi pengelolaan biomassa berkelanjutan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara komprehensif teknologi dan karakterisasi yang terlibat dalam produksi arang sekam padi, serta mengevaluasi aplikasinya di berbagai sektor. Tinjauan ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan naratif, menganalisis literatur ilmiah terkini (2019–2024) yang relevan dengan sistem pirolisis berbasis tungku kisi miring dan metode karakterisasi biochar, seperti morfologi, kristalinitas, dan analisis gugus fungsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem tungku kisi miring memberikan kontrol termal yang optimal, menghasilkan biochar berkualitas tinggi dengan struktur pori yang berkembang baik, stabilitas karbon yang baik, dan potensi tinggi untuk adsorpsi dan retensi hara. Biochar yang berasal dari sekam padi juga terbukti efektif sebagai amandemen tanah, penyerap polutan, penopang katalis, aditif semen, dan bahan bakar alternatif. Karakteristik ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh parameter proses dan desain reaktor. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya pendekatan interdisipliner dalam mengoptimalkan teknologi biomassa. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan strategi produksi biochar yang lebih efisien dan menyediakan dasar untuk penelitian lebih lanjut tentang stabilitas jangka panjang dan dampak lingkungan dari penerapannya.
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